{"id":6019,"date":"2026-04-09T01:33:31","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T04:33:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deqlaw.com.br\/?page_id=6019"},"modified":"2026-04-27T04:58:41","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T07:58:41","slug":"brazil-new-zealand-tax-guide","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.deqlaw.com.br\/en\/brazil-new-zealand-tax-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Brazil-New Zealand Tax Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\n\n\n\nBrazil-New Zealand Tax Guide - D&Q Lawyers<\/title>\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Lato:ital,wght@0,100;0,300;0,400;0,700;0,900;1,100;1,300;1,400&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\" \/>\n<style>\n .dq-page-wrap {\n margin-left: calc(-50vw + 50%);\n margin-right: calc(-50vw + 50%);\n width: 100vw;\n max-width: 100vw;\n overflow-x: hidden;\n }\n :root {\n --navy: #0d1b2a;\n --navy-mid: #1a2e45;\n --gold: #cb8569;\n --gold-light: #e09a7e;\n --cream: #f8f5f0;\n --warm-white: #fdfcfa;\n --text-dark: #1a1a1a;\n --text-mid: #4a4a4a;\n --text-light: #7a7a7a;\n --border: #e0d8cc;\n }\n *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }\n html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }\n body { font-family: 'Lato', sans-serif; background: var(--warm-white); color: var(--text-dark); line-height: 1.7; font-weight: 400; }\n\n \/* HERO *\/\n .hero { background: var(--navy); color: white; padding: 100px 40px 90px; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }\n .hero::after { content: ''; position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; height: 3px; background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, var(--gold), transparent); }\n .hero-inner { max-width: 860px; margin: 0 auto; position: relative; z-index: 1; }\n .hero-label { font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 3px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-light); margin-bottom: 28px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; }\n .hero h1 { font-size: clamp(30px, 4.5vw, 52px); font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 28px; }\n .hero h1 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold-light); }\n .hero-sub { font-size: 20px; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.72); max-width: 640px; line-height: 1.8; margin-bottom: 20px; font-weight: 300; }\n .hero-meta { font-size: 13px; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.42); margin-bottom: 44px; letter-spacing: 0.5px; }\n .btn-primary { display: inline-block; background: var(--gold) !important; color: #ffffff !important; text-decoration: none; padding: 15px 38px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-transform: uppercase; transition: background 0.3s; }\n .btn-primary:hover { background: var(--gold-light) !important; color: #ffffff !important; }\n\n \/* INTRO STRIP *\/\n .intro-strip { background: var(--cream); padding: 70px 40px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }\n .intro-inner { max-width: 860px; margin: 0 auto; }\n .intro-inner h2 { font-size: 30px; font-weight: 300; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 28px; }\n .intro-cols { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 48px; margin-bottom: 36px; }\n .intro-col p { font-size: 16px; color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.85; }\n .intro-col a { color: var(--gold); text-decoration: none; }\n .intro-col a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\n .intro-jumps { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; padding-top: 28px; border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }\n .intro-jump { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--navy); text-decoration: none; padding: 8px 16px; border: 1px solid var(--border); background: var(--warm-white); transition: border-color .2s, color .2s; }\n .intro-jump::before { content: '\\2193'; color: var(--gold); font-size: 13px; }\n .intro-jump:hover { border-color: var(--gold); color: var(--gold); }\n\n \/* PREREQUISITE BOX *\/\n .prereq-box { background: var(--warm-white); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-left: 4px solid var(--gold); padding: 22px 26px; margin-bottom: 36px; display: flex; gap: 18px; align-items: flex-start; }\n .prereq-icon { font-size: 20px; flex-shrink: 0; color: var(--gold); margin-top: 2px; }\n .prereq-text { font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.75; }\n .prereq-text strong { color: var(--navy); }\n .prereq-text a { color: var(--gold); text-decoration: none; font-weight: 700; }\n .prereq-text a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\n\n \/* CONTENT SECTIONS *\/\n .content-section { padding: 60px 40px; background: var(--warm-white); }\n .content-section.cream { background: var(--cream); }\n .content-section.navy-bg { background: var(--navy); }\n .section-inner { max-width: 860px; margin: 0 auto; }\n .section-label { font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 3px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: 18px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .section-label { color: var(--gold-light); }\n .section-title { font-size: 34px; font-weight: 300; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 32px; line-height: 1.2; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .section-title { color: white; }\n .section-intro { font-size: 16px; color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.85; margin-bottom: 36px; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .section-intro { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65); }\n\n \/* BODY TEXT *\/\n .body-text { font-size: 16px; color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.9; margin-bottom: 22px; }\n .body-text a { color: var(--gold); text-decoration: none; }\n .body-text a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .body-text { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65); }\n\n \/* SUB HEADINGS *\/\n .sub-heading { font-size: 20px; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); margin: 36px 0 14px; line-height: 1.3; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .sub-heading { color: var(--gold-light); }\n\n \/* RATE TABLE *\/\n .rate-table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 28px 0 36px; font-size: 15px; }\n .rate-table thead th { background: var(--navy); color: white; padding: 12px 16px; text-align: left; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-transform: uppercase; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .rate-table thead th { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12); }\n .rate-table tbody tr { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }\n .content-section.navy-bg .rate-table tbody tr { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1); }\n .rate-table tbody tr:last-child { border-bottom: none; }\n .rate-table tbody td { padding: 13px 16px; color: var(--text-mid); vertical-align: top; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .rate-table tbody td { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65); background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03); }\n .rate-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) td { background: var(--cream); }\n .content-section.navy-bg .rate-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) td { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05); }\n .rate-badge { display: inline-block; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); font-size: 15px; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .rate-badge { color: var(--gold-light); }\n .rate-note { font-size: 13px; color: var(--text-light); display: block; margin-top: 3px; }\n\n \/* INFO BOXES *\/\n .info-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 2px; background: var(--border); margin: 32px 0; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .info-grid { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); }\n .info-box { background: var(--warm-white); padding: 28px; }\n .content-section.cream .info-box { background: var(--warm-white); }\n .content-section.navy-bg .info-box { background: var(--navy-mid); }\n .info-box-label { font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: 10px; font-weight: 700; }\n .info-box h4 { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 10px; line-height: 1.3; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .info-box h4 { color: var(--gold-light); }\n .info-box p { font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.8; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .info-box p { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6); }\n\n \/* CALLOUT *\/\n .callout { background: var(--cream); border-left: 3px solid var(--gold); padding: 24px 28px; margin: 28px 0; }\n .content-section.cream .callout { background: var(--warm-white); }\n .content-section.navy-bg .callout { background: rgba(203,133,105,0.12); border-left-color: var(--gold-light); }\n .callout p { font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.8; margin: 0 0 10px; }\n .callout p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .callout p { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65); }\n .callout strong { color: var(--navy); }\n .content-section.navy-bg .callout strong { color: var(--gold-light); }\n .callout a { color: var(--gold); font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; }\n .callout a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\n\n \/* EXAMPLE BOXES *\/\n .example-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 24px; margin: 32px 0; }\n .example-box { border: 1px solid var(--border); }\n .content-section.navy-bg .example-box { border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.12); }\n .example-header { background: var(--navy); padding: 16px 20px; }\n .example-header h4 { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-light); margin-bottom: 3px; }\n .example-header p { font-size: 12px; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5); margin: 0; }\n .example-body { padding: 18px 20px; background: var(--warm-white); }\n .content-section.cream .example-body { background: var(--cream); }\n .example-row { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); font-size: 14px; gap: 12px; }\n .example-row:last-child { border-bottom: none; }\n .example-row.subtotal { border-top: 1px solid var(--navy); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); padding-top: 10px; }\n .example-row.total { font-weight: 700; border-top: 2px solid var(--navy); border-bottom: none; padding-top: 12px; margin-top: 2px; }\n .example-label { color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.5; }\n .example-label small { font-size: 12px; color: var(--text-light); display: block; }\n .example-amount { font-weight: 700; color: var(--navy); white-space: nowrap; }\n .example-amount.debit { color: #b03030; }\n .example-amount.net { color: #2a6e35; }\n .example-footer { padding: 10px 20px; background: var(--cream); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); font-size: 13px; color: var(--text-light); }\n\n \/* STEP LIST *\/\n .step-list { list-style: none; margin: 20px 0 28px; }\n .step-list li { display: flex; gap: 18px; padding: 16px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.75; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .step-list li { border-bottom-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.08); color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65); }\n .step-list li:last-child { border-bottom: none; }\n .step-num { font-size: 20px; font-weight: 900; color: var(--gold); flex-shrink: 0; min-width: 28px; line-height: 1.2; }\n .step-list li strong { color: var(--navy); display: block; margin-bottom: 4px; font-size: 15px; }\n .content-section.navy-bg .step-list li strong { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.9); }\n\n \/* DIVIDER *\/\n .rule { border: none; border-top: 1px solid var(--border); margin: 40px 0; }\n\n \/* DISCLAIMER *\/\n .disclaimer-section { padding: 40px; background: var(--navy); border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08); }\n .disclaimer-inner { max-width: 860px; margin: 0 auto; }\n .disclaimer-inner p { font-size: 13px; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.38); line-height: 1.8; }\n .disclaimer-inner a { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5); text-decoration: none; }\n\n \/* CTA *\/\n .cta-section { padding: 90px 40px; background: var(--cream); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }\n .cta-inner { max-width: 680px; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; }\n .cta-inner .section-label { justify-content: center; }\n .cta-inner h2 { font-size: 34px; font-weight: 300; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 1.2; }\n .cta-inner > p { font-size: 17px; color: var(--text-mid); margin-bottom: 40px; line-height: 1.85; }\n .cta-contact-box { margin-top: 20px; padding: 36px 44px; background: var(--warm-white); border: 1px solid var(--border); display: inline-block; min-width: 320px; }\n .cta-contact-box .box-label { font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 2px; color: var(--text-light); margin-bottom: 12px; }\n .cta-contact-box a.email { font-size: 22px; font-weight: 300; color: var(--navy); text-decoration: none; display: block; margin-bottom: 16px; }\n\n \/* RESPONSIVE *\/\n @media (max-width: 760px) {\n .checklist-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}\n .checklist-section{padding-left:24px;padding-right:24px;}\n .country-banner{padding:0 24px;}\n .country-banner-inner{grid-template-columns:1fr;}\n .cb-divider{display:none;}\n .cb-side,.cb-side:last-child{padding:36px 0;}\n .cb-side:last-child{border-top:1px solid var(--border);}\n .hero { padding: 70px 24px 64px; }\n .intro-cols, .info-grid, .example-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n .content-section { padding: 60px 24px; }\n .intro-strip { padding: 50px 24px; }\n .cta-section { padding: 60px 24px; }\n .cta-contact-box { padding: 28px 24px; min-width: 0; width: 100%; }\n .rate-table { font-size: 14px; }\n .rate-table tbody td, .rate-table thead th { padding: 10px 12px; }\n }\n\n \/* COUNTRY BANNER *\/\n .country-banner{background:var(--cream);border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);padding:0 40px;}\n .country-banner-inner{max-width:860px;margin:0 auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1px 1fr;}\n .cb-divider{background:var(--border);align-self:stretch;margin:48px 0;}\n .cb-side{padding:48px 48px 48px 0;}\n .cb-side:last-child{padding:48px 0 48px 48px;}\n .cb-flag{font-size:36px;margin-bottom:16px;line-height:1;}\n .cb-country{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--gold);margin-bottom:20px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;}\n .cb-country::before{content:'';display:block;width:20px;height:1px;background:var(--gold);}\n .cb-stats{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:14px;}\n .cb-stat{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);padding-bottom:10px;gap:20px;}\n .cb-stat:last-child{border-bottom:none;padding-bottom:0;}\n .cb-stat-label{font-size:13px;color:var(--text-light);}\n .cb-stat-value{font-size:14px;font-weight:700;color:var(--navy);text-align:right;}\n\n \/* GUIDE BANNER *\/\n .guide-banner{background:var(--navy-mid);border-top:3px solid var(--gold);}\n .guide-banner-inner{max-width:860px;margin:0 auto;padding:44px 40px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:40px;}\n .guide-banner-text .guide-banner-label{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--gold-light);margin-bottom:10px;}\n .guide-banner-text h3{font-size:22px;font-weight:300;color:white;margin-bottom:8px;line-height:1.3;}\n .guide-banner-text p{font-size:14px;color:rgba(255,255,255,0.6);line-height:1.75;max-width:440px;}\n .guide-banner a.btn-guide{display:inline-block;border:1px solid var(--gold);color:var(--gold-light)!important;text-decoration:none;padding:13px 32px;font-size:13px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:1.5px;text-transform:uppercase;transition:background .3s,color .3s;white-space:nowrap;}\n .guide-banner a.btn-guide:hover{background:var(--gold);color:#fff!important;}\n @media (max-width: 760px) {\n .checklist-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}\n .checklist-section{padding-left:24px;padding-right:24px;}\n .guide-banner-inner{flex-direction:column;padding:32px 24px;gap:24px;align-items:flex-start;}\n }\n\n \/* CHECKLIST *\/\n .checklist-section{background:var(--navy);padding:90px 40px;color:white;}\n .checklist-section .section-label{color:var(--gold-light);}\n .checklist-section .section-title{color:white;font-weight:300;margin-bottom:16px;}\n .checklist-intro{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.65);font-size:16px;margin-bottom:32px;line-height:1.8;}\n .checklist-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:2px;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.08);}\n .checklist-item{background:var(--navy-mid);padding:32px 36px;display:flex;gap:22px;align-items:flex-start;transition:background .25s;}\n .checklist-item:hover{background:#213349;}\n .ci-number{font-size:26px;color:var(--gold);font-weight:700;line-height:1;flex-shrink:0;width:30px;margin-top:2px;}\n .ci-content h4{font-weight:700;font-size:18px;color:white;margin-bottom:8px;line-height:1.4;}\n .ci-content p{font-size:15px;color:rgba(255,255,255,0.55);line-height:1.75;}\n .checklist-note{margin-top:44px;border-left:2px solid var(--gold);padding:20px 28px;background:rgba(203,133,105,0.08);color:rgba(255,255,255,0.72);font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;font-style:italic;}\n\n \/* WARNING STRIP *\/\n .warning-strip{background:var(--navy-mid);padding:32px 40px;}\n .warning-inner{max-width:860px;margin:0 auto;display:flex;gap:24px;align-items:flex-start;}\n .warning-icon{color:var(--gold);font-size:22px;flex-shrink:0;margin-top:2px;}\n .warning-inner p{font-size:15px;color:rgba(255,255,255,0.72);line-height:1.8;}\n<\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"dq-page-wrap\">\n\n<!-- HERO -->\n<section class=\"hero\">\n <div class=\"hero-inner\">\n <div class=\"hero-label\">D&Q Lawyers · Cross-Border Tax Guides<\/div>\n <h1>Brazil–New Zealand<br><em>Tax Guide<\/em><\/h1>\n <p class=\"hero-sub\">A practical guide to the tax framework governing transactions, investments, and individuals operating between Brazil and New Zealand.<\/p>\n <p class=\"hero-meta\">Cross-border taxation · No double tax agreement in force · Updated 2026<\/p>\n <a href=\"mailto:info@deqlaw.com.br\" class=\"btn-primary\">Contact Us<\/a>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- COUNTRY BANNER -->\n<section class=\"country-banner\">\n <div class=\"country-banner-inner\">\n <div class=\"cb-side\">\n <div class=\"cb-flag\">🇳🇿<\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-country\">New Zealand<\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-stats\">\n <div class=\"cb-stat\"><span class=\"cb-stat-label\">Corporate tax rate<\/span><span class=\"cb-stat-value\">28%<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-stat\"><span class=\"cb-stat-label\">GST<\/span><span class=\"cb-stat-value\">15%<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-stat\"><span class=\"cb-stat-label\">Double tax agreement with Brazil<\/span><span class=\"cb-stat-value\">None in force<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-divider\"><\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-side\">\n <div class=\"cb-flag\">🇧🇷<\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-country\">Brazil<\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-stats\">\n <div class=\"cb-stat\"><span class=\"cb-stat-label\">Corporate tax rate (IRPJ + CSLL)<\/span><span class=\"cb-stat-value\">34% headline \/ often lower<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-stat\"><span class=\"cb-stat-label\">WHT on dividends (IRRF, Law 15,270\/2025)<\/span><span class=\"cb-stat-value\">10%<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-stat\"><span class=\"cb-stat-label\">WHT on interest (IRRF)<\/span><span class=\"cb-stat-value\">15% \/ 25%<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-stat\"><span class=\"cb-stat-label\">WHT on royalties (IRRF + CIDE)<\/span><span class=\"cb-stat-value\">up to 25%<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-stat\"><span class=\"cb-stat-label\">Indirect taxes (GST-type reform 2026–2033)<\/span><span class=\"cb-stat-value\">CBS + IBS (~26–28%)<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"cb-stat\"><span class=\"cb-stat-label\">Double tax agreement with New Zealand<\/span><span class=\"cb-stat-value\">None in force<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- BRAZIL TAX GUIDE BANNER -->\n<section class=\"guide-banner\">\n <div class=\"guide-banner-inner\">\n <div class=\"guide-banner-text\">\n <div class=\"guide-banner-label\">D&Q Lawyers · Resource<\/div>\n <h3>New to doing business in Brazil? Start with the full guide.<\/h3>\n <p>Our Brazil Tax Guide covers the complete Brazilian tax system: corporate taxes, indirect taxes, employment taxes, the tax reform transition, and the key obligations for foreign investors.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.deqlaw.com.br\/en\/brazil-tax-guide\/\" class=\"btn-guide\">Brazil Tax Guide<\/a>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- INTRO -->\n<section class=\"intro-strip\">\n <div class=\"intro-inner\">\n\n <h2>Two countries with no tax treaty and very different tax systems.<\/h2>\n <div class=\"intro-cols\">\n <div class=\"intro-col\">\n <p>Brazil and New Zealand have no bilateral tax treaty in force. Each country taxes cross-border flows under its own domestic rules, without treaty-reduced withholding rates, permanent establishment safe harbours or a mutual agreement procedure for resolving double taxation. The absence of a treaty, combined with the structural differences between the two tax systems, makes careful planning important for investors and individuals operating between the two countries.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"intro-col\">\n <p>This guide covers Brazilian withholding income taxes on outbound payments to New Zealand recipients, how those taxes stack on a single transaction, New Zealand’s taxation of Brazil-sourced income (including the CFC and FIF regimes), transfer pricing, and key structuring considerations. For advice specific to your situation, <a href=\"mailto:info@deqlaw.com.br\">contact us<\/a>.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"intro-jumps\">\n <a href=\"#no-dta\" class=\"intro-jump\">No DTA: implications<\/a>\n <a href=\"#key-issues\" class=\"intro-jump\">Key tax issues<\/a>\n <a href=\"#brazil-taxes-outbound\" class=\"intro-jump\">Brazilian withholding income taxes<\/a>\n <a href=\"#brazil-tax-regimes\" class=\"intro-jump\">Brazilian tax regimes<\/a>\n <a href=\"#tax-stacking\" class=\"intro-jump\">How taxes stack up<\/a>\n <a href=\"#nz-taxes-brazil\" class=\"intro-jump\">NZ taxation of Brazil-sourced income<\/a>\n <a href=\"#transfer-pricing\" class=\"intro-jump\">Transfer pricing<\/a>\n <a href=\"#structuring\" class=\"intro-jump\">Structuring considerations<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- SECTION 1: NO DTA -->\n<section class=\"content-section\" id=\"no-dta\">\n <div class=\"section-inner\">\n <div class=\"section-label\">Background<\/div>\n <h2 class=\"section-title\">Having no DTA does not mean being double-taxed, but it does mean paying more attention.<\/h2>\n <p class=\"section-intro\">Brazil and New Zealand have no bilateral tax treaty, but for most well-structured arrangements this is manageable rather than prohibitive. Both countries’ domestic foreign tax credit rules effectively prevent double taxation on the same income in the majority of cases, and New Zealand’s own tax profile, including the absence of a general capital gains tax and a flat 28% corporate rate, means the overall cost of a Brazil–NZ structure often compares favourably with other non-treaty jurisdictions.<\/p>\n <p class=\"body-text\">New Zealand has a broad DTA network, but Brazil is not among its treaty partners. Brazil’s own network is relatively limited for an economy of its size, and many international investors operating in Brazil are already working in a non-treaty environment. Without a DTA, each country applies its statutory withholding rates in full and relief from double taxation comes entirely from unilateral foreign tax credit provisions. The practical result for well-structured arrangements is broadly comparable to what a DTA would achieve. The more significant constraint is the absence of a bilateral mutual agreement procedure: if both tax authorities adjust the same transaction in different directions, the resulting double taxation must be resolved through domestic proceedings rather than a shared dispute resolution channel.<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"info-grid\">\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Practical consequence<\/div>\n <h4>Full statutory withholding rates, offset by foreign tax credits<\/h4>\n <p>Brazil’s Withholding Income Tax (<strong>IRRF<\/strong>) applies at statutory rates on payments to New Zealand investors. There are no treaty-reduced rates, but New Zealand’s foreign tax credit rules under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2007\/0097\/latest\/DLM1512300.html\">subpart LJ of the Income Tax Act 2007<\/a> generally allow IRRF paid to be credited against the New Zealand tax liability on the same income, reducing or eliminating double taxation in most cases.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Practical consequence<\/div>\n <h4>Residence and permanent establishment under domestic law<\/h4>\n <p>Tax residence is established under each country’s own legislation. Whether a New Zealand business creates a taxable presence in Brazil (or vice versa) is determined by each country’s domestic permanent establishment rules. Most standard business arrangements do not create an unexpected taxable presence in either jurisdiction.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Practical consequence<\/div>\n <h4>No MAP: transfer pricing disputes resolved domestically<\/h4>\n <p>Both countries now apply OECD arm’s-length transfer pricing rules, but without a mutual agreement procedure (<strong>MAP<\/strong>), any dispute between the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.br\/receitafederal\/en\">Federal Revenue Department<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ird.govt.nz\">Inland Revenue New Zealand<\/a> over the same transaction must be resolved domestically. Sound upfront documentation matters more as a result.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Practical consequence<\/div>\n <h4>New Zealand’s CGT-free status benefits Brazil-sourced gains<\/h4>\n <p>New Zealand does not impose a general capital gains tax. Gains on the disposal of Brazilian assets or company shares will generally not be taxable in New Zealand, provided the investor is not in the business of trading such assets. This is a material structural advantage compared to many other jurisdictions, and can influence how the investment is held.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"callout\">\n <p><strong>Information exchange.<\/strong> The absence of a DTA does not limit information exchange between the two countries. Both Brazil and New Zealand are signatories to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/tax\/exchange-of-tax-information\/convention-on-mutual-administrative-assistance-in-tax-matters.htm\">OECD Multilateral Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters<\/a> and participate in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/tax\/automatic-exchange\/common-reporting-standard\/\">Common Reporting Standard (<strong>CRS<\/strong>)<\/a>. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.br\/receitafederal\/en\">Federal Revenue Department (<em>Receita Federal do Brasil<\/em>)<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ird.govt.nz\">Inland Revenue New Zealand<\/a> exchange financial account data on their respective residents annually. Opacity is not a practical planning option.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- MAIN CHECKLIST -->\n<section class=\"checklist-section\" id=\"key-issues\">\n <div class=\"section-inner\">\n <div class=\"section-label\">Key Tax Issues<\/div>\n <h2 class=\"section-title\">The main taxes that affect cross-border operations<\/h2>\n <p class=\"checklist-intro\">The following taxes arise in virtually every substantive business relationship between New Zealand and Brazilian entities. Each operates independently; satisfying one obligation does not reduce or eliminate any other.<\/p>\n <div class=\"checklist-grid\">\n\n <div class=\"checklist-item\">\n <div class=\"ci-number\">01<\/div>\n <div class=\"ci-content\">\n <h4>Brazilian corporate income tax: IRPJ and CSLL<\/h4>\n <p>Brazilian companies are subject to Corporate Income Tax (<em>Imposto de Renda das Pessoas Jurídicas<\/em>, <strong>IRPJ<\/strong>) at 15%, with a 10% surtax on annual taxable income exceeding R$240,000, and Social Contribution on Net Income (<em>Contribuição Social sobre o Lucro Líquido<\/em>, <strong>CSLL<\/strong>) at 9% for most companies. The combined standard rate under the Actual Profit regime is effectively <strong>34%<\/strong>. Many companies qualify for the Deemed Profit regime and pay considerably less. See below.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"checklist-item\">\n <div class=\"ci-number\">02<\/div>\n <div class=\"ci-content\">\n <h4>New Zealand income tax: corporate, CFC and FIF<\/h4>\n <p>New Zealand resident companies pay income tax at a flat <strong>28%<\/strong> rate on worldwide income. NZ investors in Brazilian companies must consider the controlled foreign company (<strong>CFC<\/strong>) rules under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2007\/0097\/latest\/DLM1512300.html\" class=\"ref-link-light\">subpart EX of the Income Tax Act 2007<\/a>, which may attribute undistributed Brazilian profits annually, and the foreign investment fund (<strong>FIF<\/strong>) rules for minority holdings below 10%.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"checklist-item\">\n <div class=\"ci-number\">03<\/div>\n <div class=\"ci-content\">\n <h4>Brazilian withholding income tax (IRRF) on outbound payments<\/h4>\n <p>Brazil imposes Withholding Income Tax (<em>Imposto de Renda Retido na Fonte<\/em>, <strong>IRRF<\/strong>) on payments to non-residents. Key rates: dividends <strong>10%<\/strong> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2023-2026\/2025\/lei\/l15270.htm\" class=\"ref-link-light\">Law 15,270\/2025<\/a>); interest <strong>15%<\/strong>; royalties and technical services <strong>15%<\/strong>; general services <strong>25%<\/strong>. New Zealand is not on Brazil’s list of low-tax jurisdictions, so the elevated 25% rate does not apply to standard NZ structures. With no DTA, NZ recipients cannot reduce these rates.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"checklist-item\">\n <div class=\"ci-number\">04<\/div>\n <div class=\"ci-content\">\n <h4>Transfer pricing: dual compliance obligations<\/h4>\n <p>Both countries now apply OECD arm’s-length transfer pricing rules. Brazil’s regime was reformed by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2023-2026\/2023\/lei\/l14596.htm\" class=\"ref-link-light\">Law 14,596\/2023<\/a>. New Zealand’s rules operate under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2007\/0097\/latest\/DLM1512300.html\" class=\"ref-link-light\">subpart GC of the Income Tax Act 2007<\/a>. Related-party transactions between NZ and Brazilian entities must independently satisfy both regimes. Without a bilateral mutual agreement procedure (<strong>MAP<\/strong>), disputes cannot be resolved bilaterally.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"checklist-item\">\n <div class=\"ci-number\">05<\/div>\n <div class=\"ci-content\">\n <h4>Brazilian indirect taxes: PIS, COFINS, ICMS and ISS<\/h4>\n <p>Brazilian businesses face a layered indirect tax burden: <strong>PIS<\/strong> (0.65–1.65%) and <strong>COFINS<\/strong> (3–7.6%) on gross revenue; <strong>ICMS<\/strong> (state-level consumption tax similar to GST, typically 12–18%) on goods; and <strong>ISS<\/strong> (municipal services tax, 2–5%) on services. Cross-border service payments from Brazil to NZ providers attract PIS\/COFINS-Import on the Brazilian side. These are not creditable by the NZ recipient and represent a real additional cost.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"checklist-item\">\n <div class=\"ci-number\">06<\/div>\n <div class=\"ci-content\">\n <h4>New Zealand GST on cross-border supplies<\/h4>\n <p>New Zealand Goods and Services Tax (<strong>GST<\/strong>) at 15% applies to taxable supplies in New Zealand. Cross-border services supplied to Brazilian businesses are generally zero-rated where the recipient is a non-resident not in New Zealand at the time of supply. NZ GST and Brazil’s CBS\/IBS regime are structurally similar destination-principle consumption taxes, which simplifies the analysis of where each applies.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"checklist-item\">\n <div class=\"ci-number\">07<\/div>\n <div class=\"ci-content\">\n <h4>IOF: Brazil’s financial transactions tax<\/h4>\n <p>Brazil’s Tax on Financial Transactions (<em>Imposto sobre Operações Financeiras<\/em>, <strong>IOF<\/strong>) applies to foreign exchange transactions, credit operations and insurance. Cross-border loan transactions attract IOF on the foreign exchange leg. IOF on loan proceeds was reduced to 0% for loans exceeding 180 days following a 2022 reform. Capital contributions in cash attract IOF at 0.38% on the exchange operation.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"checklist-note\">No single mechanism eliminates double taxation between New Zealand and Brazil. Every cross-border payment stream must be modelled from both sides, applying each country’s domestic rules independently. The combined tax cost is typically higher than it would be under a treaty relationship.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- SECTION 2: BRAZILIAN WITHHOLDING INCOME TAXES -->\n<section class=\"content-section cream\" id=\"brazil-taxes-outbound\">\n <div class=\"section-inner\">\n <div class=\"section-label\">Brazilian tax<\/div>\n <h2 class=\"section-title\">Brazilian withholding income taxes on payments to New Zealand recipients<\/h2>\n <p class=\"section-intro\">Brazil imposes Withholding Income Tax (<em>Imposto de Renda Retido na Fonte<\/em>, <strong>IRRF<\/strong>) on most categories of income paid to non-resident recipients, including New Zealand entities and individuals. The IRRF is withheld by the Brazilian payer and remitted to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.br\/receitafederal\/en\">Federal Revenue Department (<em>Receita Federal do Brasil<\/em>)<\/a>. New Zealand is not on Brazil’s list of low-tax jurisdictions (<em>paraísos fiscais<\/em>), so standard rates apply.<\/p>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">Withholding income tax (IRRF) rates<\/h3>\n\n <table class=\"rate-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th>Payment type<\/th>\n <th>IRRF rate<\/th>\n <th>Notes<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>Dividends<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><span class=\"rate-badge\">10%<\/span><\/td>\n <td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2023-2026\/2025\/lei\/l15270.htm\">Law 15,270\/2025<\/a> introduced a 10% withholding income tax on dividends remitted abroad. New Zealand shareholders should review their foreign tax credit (<strong>FTC<\/strong>) position under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2007\/0097\/latest\/DLM1512300.html\">subpart LJ of the Income Tax Act 2007<\/a>, as this IRRF should generally be creditable against New Zealand income tax.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>Interest<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><span class=\"rate-badge\">15%<\/span><span class=\"rate-note\">Standard rate<\/span><\/td>\n <td>Interest paid to non-residents is generally subject to 15% IRRF. A rate of 25% applies where the beneficiary is resident in a low-tax jurisdiction under Brazilian rules. New Zealand is not a low-tax jurisdiction for Brazilian purposes.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>Interest on Net Equity (JCP)<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><span class=\"rate-badge\">17.5%<\/span><\/td>\n <td>Interest on Net Equity (<em>Juros sobre Capital Próprio<\/em>, <strong>JCP<\/strong>) is a Brazilian mechanism allowing notional interest deductions on equity. The IRRF rate on JCP payments to non-residents was increased to 17.5% by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/leis\/lcp\/lcp224.htm\">Complementary Law 224<\/a>.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>Royalties and technical services<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><span class=\"rate-badge\">15%<\/span><span class=\"rate-note\">CIDE may also apply<\/span><\/td>\n <td>Royalties for technology transfer and technical services attract 15% IRRF. The Economic Intervention Contribution (<em>Contribuição de Intervenção no Domínio Econômico<\/em>, <strong>CIDE<\/strong>) of 10% may also apply on technology remittances, borne by the Brazilian payer on top of the contract price.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>Services (general)<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><span class=\"rate-badge\">25%<\/span><\/td>\n <td>Remuneration for services rendered by non-resident individuals generally attracts 25% IRRF. Services rendered by non-resident legal entities may be subject to 15% or 25% depending on the nature and structure of the payment.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>Capital gains<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><span class=\"rate-badge\">15–22.5%<\/span><\/td>\n <td>Capital gains realised by non-residents on Brazilian assets are subject to a progressive IRRF schedule: 15% up to BRL 5 million, rising to 22.5% above BRL 30 million. Gains on assets of Brazilian companies may also be subject to a 25% rate in certain circumstances.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <tr>\n <td><strong>Rental income<\/strong><\/td>\n <td><span class=\"rate-badge\">15%<\/span><\/td>\n <td>Rental income paid to non-resident individuals or entities is subject to 15% IRRF, withheld by the Brazilian payer.<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">Other Brazilian taxes that apply alongside the IRRF<\/h3>\n <p class=\"body-text\">The IRRF is not the only Brazilian tax cost on cross-border payments. Depending on the nature of the transaction, the Brazilian payer may also be liable for the following, borne on top of the contract price rather than deducted from the amount remitted to the New Zealand party.<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"info-grid\">\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Additional tax<\/div>\n <h4><strong>IOF<\/strong> (Tax on Financial Transactions)<\/h4>\n <p>IOF applies to the foreign exchange transaction associated with a cross-border payment. The rate varies by transaction type and tenor and is subject to frequent change by executive decree. It is borne by the Brazilian party executing the currency conversion.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Additional tax<\/div>\n <h4><strong>PIS<\/strong>-Import and <strong>COFINS<\/strong>-Import<\/h4>\n <p>Services imported into Brazil attract PIS-Import and COFINS-Import. The standard non-cumulative rates are 1.65% (PIS-Import) and 7.6% (COFINS-Import), totalling approximately 9.25% of the contract value. Companies taxed on the cumulative basis pay reduced rates of 0.65% and 3% respectively (totalling 3.65%). These contributions are levied on the Brazilian importer of services and are borne in addition to the contract price. Certain categories of imported services or goods may attract specific or reduced rates.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Additional tax<\/div>\n <h4><strong>ISS<\/strong> (Municipal Services Tax)<\/h4>\n <p>ISS applies to imported services at rates between 2% and 5%, depending on the municipality and the classification of the service. It is assessed on the Brazilian payer on the gross contract value.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Additional tax<\/div>\n <h4><strong>CIDE<\/strong> (Economic Intervention Contribution)<\/h4>\n <p>CIDE at 10% applies to technology transfer and technical service payments remitted abroad. It is borne by the Brazilian payer on top of the contract value, not withheld from the New Zealand party’s receipt.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"callout\">\n <p><strong>Indirect taxes reform: transitional period.<\/strong> 2026 is the first transitional year of Brazil’s new dual-GST system. Companies must now configure for dual compliance: reporting continues under the existing PIS\/COFINS system while new Contribuição sobre Bens e Serviços (<strong>CBS<\/strong>, a federal tax) and Imposto sobre Bens e Serviços (<strong>IBS<\/strong>, a state and municipal tax) fields are tested on electronic invoices. Full abolition of PIS and COFINS begins in 2027, with IBS replacing ICMS and ISS on a phased schedule through 2033. Once fully implemented, CBS and IBS will together operate as a broad-based, destination-principle GST, directly comparable in structure to New Zealand’s own GST. See our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.deqlaw.com.br\/en\/brazils-tax-reform-what-every-business-needs-to-know\/\">Brazil tax reform guide<\/a> for a full overview and transition roadmap.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- SECTION 3: NZ TAXES ON OUTBOUND PAYMENTS -->\n\n<!-- BRAZIL CORPORATE TAX REGIMES -->\n<section class=\"content-section cream\" id=\"brazil-tax-regimes\">\n <div class=\"section-inner\">\n <div class=\"section-label\">Brazilian corporate tax<\/div>\n <h2 class=\"section-title\">The 34% headline rate is not what most Brazilian companies actually pay.<\/h2>\n <p class=\"section-intro\">The 34% combined IRPJ\/CSLL rate applies under the Actual Profit regime (Lucro Real), where tax is calculated on audited net profit after allowable deductions. Many Brazilian companies instead use the Deemed Profit regime (Lucro Presumido), which produces substantially lower effective rates and has important implications for New Zealand investors modelling their returns.<\/p>\n <div class=\"info-grid\">\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Tax regime<\/div>\n <h4>Actual Profit regime (Lucro Real)<\/h4>\n <p>Mandatory for financial institutions and companies with annual gross revenue above R$78 million. Tax is calculated on audited net profit after deductions. IRPJ at 15% plus 10% surtax on income over R$240,000 per year; CSLL at 9%. Combined headline rate: <strong>34%<\/strong> of taxable profit. Available by election to any company regardless of size.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Tax regime<\/div>\n <h4>Deemed Profit regime (Lucro Presumido)<\/h4>\n <p>Available to companies with annual gross revenue up to R$78 million. Tax base is a fixed percentage of gross revenue rather than actual profit. <strong>Services:<\/strong> 32% deemed margin, producing effective combined IRPJ\/CSLL on revenue of roughly 11–14%. <strong>Commerce and industry:<\/strong> 8% deemed margin, roughly 3–5% on revenue. A highly profitable service company may pay considerably less than 34% of actual profit.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"callout\">\n <p><strong>Pillar Two implications.<\/strong> A Brazilian entity on the Deemed Profit regime may fall below the 15% Global Anti-Base Erosion (<strong>GloBE<\/strong>) effective tax rate floor depending on its actual profitability, potentially triggering a top-up tax in the New Zealand parent’s jurisdiction even though Brazil’s headline rate is 34%. New Zealand-headquartered multinationals with Brazilian subsidiaries should assess GloBE exposure as part of their annual compliance review. New Zealand enacted its Pillar Two rules under the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2007\/0097\/latest\/DLM1512300.html\">Income Tax Act 2007<\/a> (as amended) effective from 2025.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- SECTION 4: HOW TAXES STACK UP -->\n<section class=\"content-section cream\" id=\"tax-stacking\">\n <div class=\"section-inner\">\n <div class=\"section-label\">Tax stacking<\/div>\n <h2 class=\"section-title\">How Brazilian taxes stack up on a single transaction<\/h2>\n <p class=\"section-intro\">When a Brazilian entity makes a payment to a New Zealand recipient, multiple Brazilian taxes can apply simultaneously. The IRRF reduces what the New Zealand party receives; additional taxes (PIS-Import, COFINS-Import, ISS, CIDE, IOF) increase what the Brazilian party pays. The combined effect makes the true cost of a cross-border transaction substantially higher than the face value of the contract.<\/p>\n\n <p class=\"body-text\">The examples below use a base contract value of USD 100,000 and the standard non-cumulative PIS-Import and COFINS-Import rates. IOF is excluded given its variability. The New Zealand income tax figures use a simplified 28% corporate rate and do not account for the FIF or CFC adjustments discussed in the next section.<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"example-grid\">\n\n <div class=\"example-box\">\n <div class=\"example-header\">\n <h4>Example 1: Technical services fee<\/h4>\n <p>USD 100,000 paid by a Brazilian company to a NZ service provider<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-body\">\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Contract value<\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount\">USD 100,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">IRRF at 15%, withheld from payment<small>Borne by the NZ provider; remitted to Receita Federal<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">− USD 15,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row subtotal\">\n <span class=\"example-label\"><strong>Net received by NZ provider<\/strong><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount net\">USD 85,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">PIS-Import at 1.65% (non-cumulative)<small>Additional cost borne by Brazilian payer<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 1,650<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">COFINS-Import at 7.6% (non-cumulative)<small>Additional cost borne by Brazilian payer<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 7,600<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">ISS at 5% (São Paulo)<small>Additional cost borne by Brazilian payer<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 5,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row total\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Total cost to Brazilian payer<\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount\">USD 114,250<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-footer\">Total Brazilian tax burden: USD 29,250 (29.25% of contract value) at non-cumulative rates<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"example-box\">\n <div class=\"example-header\">\n <h4>Example 2: Technology royalties<\/h4>\n <p>USD 100,000 royalty paid by a Brazilian licensee to a NZ licensor<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-body\">\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Contract value<\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount\">USD 100,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">IRRF at 15%, withheld from payment<small>Borne by the NZ licensor<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">− USD 15,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row subtotal\">\n <span class=\"example-label\"><strong>Net received by NZ licensor<\/strong><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount net\">USD 85,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">CIDE at 10%<small>Additional cost borne by Brazilian payer<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 10,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">PIS-Import at 1.65% (non-cumulative)<small>Additional cost borne by Brazilian payer<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 1,650<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">COFINS-Import at 7.6% (non-cumulative)<small>Additional cost borne by Brazilian payer<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 7,600<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row total\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Total cost to Brazilian payer<\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount\">USD 119,250<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-footer\">Total Brazilian tax burden: USD 34,250 (34.25% of contract value) at non-cumulative rates<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"example-box\">\n <div class=\"example-header\">\n <h4>Example 3: Dividend distribution<\/h4>\n <p>USD 100,000 dividend remitted by Brazilian subsidiary to NZ parent<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-body\">\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Profit available for distribution<\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount\">USD 100,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">IRRF at 10%, Law 15,270\/2025<small>Withheld by Brazilian subsidiary<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">− USD 10,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row subtotal\">\n <span class=\"example-label\"><strong>Net received by NZ parent<\/strong><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount net\">USD 90,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">NZ corporate income tax at 28%<small>On USD 100,000 before FTC<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">USD 28,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">FTC for Brazilian IRRF<small>Creditable under Income Tax Act 2007, subpart LJ<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount net\">− USD 10,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row total\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Net NZ tax after FTC<\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount\">USD 18,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-footer\">Combined Brazil + NZ tax: USD 28,000 (28% of profit distributed)<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"example-box\">\n <div class=\"example-header\">\n <h4>Example 4: Intercompany interest payment<\/h4>\n <p>USD 100,000 interest paid by Brazilian subsidiary to NZ parent lender<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-body\">\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Interest payment<\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount\">USD 100,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">IRRF at 15%, withheld from payment<small>Borne by the NZ lender<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">− USD 15,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row subtotal\">\n <span class=\"example-label\"><strong>Net received by NZ lender<\/strong><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount net\">USD 85,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">NZ corporate income tax at 28%<small>On USD 100,000 before FTC<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">USD 28,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">FTC for Brazilian IRRF<small>Subject to FTC limitation rules<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount net\">− USD 15,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row total\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Net NZ tax after FTC<\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount\">USD 13,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-footer\">Combined Brazil + NZ tax: USD 28,000 (28% of interest paid)<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">Importing physical goods into Brazil<\/h3>\n <p class=\"body-text\">The taxes above apply to financial flows and services. Physical goods shipped from New Zealand into Brazil face a separate and cumulative customs and indirect tax regime. Goods imports attract Import Tax (<em>Imposto de Importação<\/em>, <strong>II<\/strong>), the Tax on Industrialised Products (<em>Imposto sobre Produtos Industrializados<\/em>, <strong>IPI<\/strong>), PIS-Import and COFINS-Import at the goods rates (which at 2.1% and 9.65% respectively are higher than the 1.65%\/7.6% rates that apply to service imports), and ICMS, the state-level consumption tax, calculated on a grossed-up base that includes all other taxes. The combined burden typically adds 40–70% or more to the CIF value depending on the product’s NCM tariff classification and the destination state. The example below uses illustrative rates for typical industrial goods; actual rates must be verified against the applicable NCM code before importation. For a full breakdown of the Brazilian customs and tariff regime, see our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.deqlaw.com.br\/en\/brazil-tax-guide\/\">Brazil Tax Guide<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"example-grid\" style=\"grid-template-columns:1fr;\">\n <div class=\"example-box\">\n <div class=\"example-header\">\n <h4>Example 5: Merchandise import<\/h4>\n <p>USD 100,000 CIF value of industrial goods shipped from New Zealand to Brazil (illustrative tariff rates)<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-body\">\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">CIF value (customs value at point of entry)<\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount\">USD 100,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Import Tax (II) at 12% of CIF<small>Rate set by NCM tariff code; typically 0%–35%. NZ goods enter under the Mercosur Common External Tariff; no FTA with Brazil.<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 12,000<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">IPI at 5% of (CIF + II = USD 112,000)<small>Tax on industrialised products; rate varies by product, 0% for many categories.<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 5,600<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">PIS-Import at 2.1% of CIF<small>Goods rate; higher than the 1.65% rate that applies to imported services.<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 2,100<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">COFINS-Import at 9.65% of CIF<small>Goods rate; higher than the 7.6% rate that applies to imported services.<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 9,650<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">ICMS at 18%, tax-inclusive basis (São Paulo)<small>State-level consumption tax calculated on a grossed-up base that includes all other taxes plus the ICMS itself. Rate varies by state (12%–25%) and product.<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 28,394<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Merchant Marine Renewal Surcharge (<em>Adicional ao Frete para a Renovação da Marinha Mercante<\/em>, <strong>AFRMM<\/strong>) at 25% of sea freight<small>Sea freight imports only; does not apply to air freight. Calculated on the freight component of the CIF value. If sea freight = USD 5,000 (illustrative), AFRMM = USD 1,250. Add to total if goods arrive by sea.<\/small><\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount debit\">+ USD 1,250 *<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row total\">\n <span class=\"example-label\">Total landed cost (sea freight)<\/span>\n <span class=\"example-amount\">USD 158,994<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-footer\">Total Brazilian import taxes (sea freight): approx. USD 58,994 (59.0% of CIF). Without AFRMM (air freight): approx. USD 57,744 (57.7%). * AFRMM assumes sea freight of USD 5,000; actual freight cost varies by weight, volume, route, and Incoterms. Business importers on the Actual Profit regime (Lucro Real) may recover IPI and ICMS credits against output tax on domestic sales; end consumers cannot. ICMS is calculated on a tax-inclusive basis. Rates vary significantly by product category and destination state.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"callout\">\n <p><strong>These are simplified illustrations.<\/strong> The actual tax burden depends on the correct classification of the payment under Brazilian and New Zealand law, IOF rates at the time of the currency conversion, the availability and limitations of the foreign tax credit (<strong>FTC<\/strong>) under New Zealand’s domestic rules, the applicable PIS-Import and COFINS-Import rates (non-cumulative rates of 1.65%\/7.6% are assumed above; companies on the cumulative basis pay 0.65%\/3%), the application of the CFC or FIF regimes to the underlying Brazilian entity, and the impact of Brazil’s ongoing indirect taxes reform on PIS\/COFINS-Import obligations during the transition period. These figures illustrate the stacking effect and are not a substitute for transaction-specific advice.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- SECTION 5: NZ TAXATION OF BRAZIL-SOURCED INCOME -->\n<section class=\"content-section\" id=\"nz-taxes-brazil\">\n <div class=\"section-inner\">\n <div class=\"section-label\">New Zealand tax<\/div>\n <h2 class=\"section-title\">New Zealand taxation of Brazil-sourced income<\/h2>\n <p class=\"section-intro\">New Zealand taxes its residents on worldwide income. Brazil-sourced income received by New Zealand residents is therefore subject to New Zealand income tax, with relief available through foreign tax credits. Two specific regimes, the controlled foreign company (<strong>CFC<\/strong>) rules and the foreign investment fund (<strong>FIF<\/strong>) rules, affect how New Zealand residents are taxed on their interests in Brazilian entities even before any income is distributed.<\/p>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">Controlled foreign company (CFC) rules<\/h3>\n <p class=\"body-text\">Under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2007\/0097\/latest\/DLM1512300.html\">subpart EX of the Income Tax Act 2007<\/a>, a New Zealand resident who holds 10% or more of a foreign company (including a Brazilian company) in which New Zealand residents collectively hold more than 50% must include a share of the controlled foreign company (<strong>CFC<\/strong>)’s income in their New Zealand taxable income annually, regardless of whether any distribution is made.<\/p>\n\n <p class=\"body-text\">Brazil is not on New Zealand’s “grey list” of countries whose companies are automatically exempt from the CFC rules. This means that New Zealand investors in Brazilian companies must analyse their CFC exposure every year. The key relief available is the active income exemption: if 95% or more of the CFC’s income is active (broadly, income from the conduct of a business rather than passive investment), the CFC attribution is reduced to zero and no New Zealand tax arises on the undistributed profits.<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"info-grid\">\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">CFC rule<\/div>\n <h4>Active income exemption<\/h4>\n <p>If 95% or more of a Brazilian CFC’s income is active income, no CFC attribution arises for New Zealand shareholders. Most operating companies will meet this threshold. The test must be applied annually and documented.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">CFC rule<\/div>\n <h4>Passive income attribution<\/h4>\n <p>Where a Brazilian CFC derives passive income (interest, dividends from non-active subsidiaries, rents, royalties), that passive income may be attributed to the New Zealand shareholder and taxed currently in New Zealand, with a credit for any Brazilian IRRF withheld.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">Foreign investment fund (FIF) rules<\/h3>\n <p class=\"body-text\">Where a New Zealand resident holds less than 10% of a foreign company (including Brazilian listed or unlisted companies), the FIF rules under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2007\/0097\/latest\/DLM1512300.html\">subpart EX of the Income Tax Act 2007<\/a> may apply. Under the FIF regime, New Zealand investors are taxed on a deemed return from their foreign investment each year, whether or not any actual income is received. The default method is the fair dividend rate (<strong>FDR<\/strong>) method, which deems a return of 5% per annum on the opening value of the investment, taxed at the investor’s marginal rate.<\/p>\n\n <p class=\"body-text\">The FIF rules can create a New Zealand tax liability on Brazilian investments even when the Brazilian company pays no dividend and the investor has not realised any gain. New Zealand investors in Brazilian listed equities should review their FIF position before investing and consider the comparative value (CV) method, which may produce a lower tax liability in years when the investment declines in value.<\/p>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">Foreign tax credits<\/h3>\n <p class=\"body-text\">New Zealand allows a credit against New Zealand income tax for foreign income tax paid on foreign-sourced income, under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2007\/0097\/latest\/DLM1512300.html\">subpart LJ of the Income Tax Act 2007<\/a>. The credit is limited to the New Zealand tax otherwise payable on the same income. Brazilian IRRF paid on dividends, interest, royalties, and other income generally qualifies as a creditable foreign tax, provided the income is subject to New Zealand tax.<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"callout\">\n <p><strong>No general capital gains tax in New Zealand.<\/strong> New Zealand does not impose a general capital gains tax. Gains on the disposal of Brazilian assets or Brazilian company shares will generally not be taxable in New Zealand, provided the investor is not in the business of buying and selling such assets and the bright-line property rules do not apply. This is a material advantage for New Zealand investors in Brazilian assets compared to many other jurisdictions, and can influence structuring decisions significantly.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- SECTION 6: TRANSFER PRICING -->\n<section class=\"content-section cream\" id=\"transfer-pricing\">\n <div class=\"section-inner\">\n <div class=\"section-label\">Transfer pricing<\/div>\n <h2 class=\"section-title\">Transfer pricing: two OECD-aligned systems without a MAP<\/h2>\n <p class=\"section-intro\">Both Brazil and New Zealand now apply transfer pricing rules aligned with the OECD arm’s-length standard. However, the absence of a DTA means there is no mutual agreement procedure to resolve disputes or eliminate double taxation arising from transfer pricing adjustments in either country.<\/p>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">Brazil’s new transfer pricing rules<\/h3>\n <p class=\"body-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2023-2026\/2023\/lei\/l14596.htm\">Law 14,596\/2023<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/normas.receita.fazenda.gov.br\/sijut2consulta\/link.action?idAto=127751\">IN RFB 2,161\/2023<\/a> replaced Brazil’s former fixed-margin transfer pricing system with rules aligned with the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines, effective from 2024. Under the new rules, intercompany transactions between Brazilian and New Zealand related parties are tested against the arm’s-length standard using comparability analysis and OECD-approved methods (CUP, resale price, cost-plus, TNMM, profit split). The absence of a mutual agreement procedure (<strong>MAP<\/strong>) mechanism between Brazil and New Zealand means that if both countries adjust the same transaction in different directions, the resulting double taxation must be resolved through domestic proceedings rather than a bilateral procedure.<\/p>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">New Zealand’s transfer pricing rules<\/h3>\n <p class=\"body-text\">New Zealand’s transfer pricing rules under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2007\/0097\/latest\/DLM1512300.html\">subpart GC of the Income Tax Act 2007<\/a> also follow the OECD arm’s-length standard. Related-party transactions between New Zealand and Brazilian entities must be priced consistently with what independent parties would agree. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ird.govt.nz\">Inland Revenue New Zealand<\/a> may adjust the New Zealand entity’s taxable income if the transfer price does not reflect arm’s-length terms.<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"callout\">\n <p>Country-by-Country Reporting (<strong>CbCR<\/strong>). Both Brazil and New Zealand participate in the OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (<strong>BEPS<\/strong>) Inclusive Framework and have implemented Country-by-Country Reporting (<strong>CbCR<\/strong>). Multinational groups with operations in both countries and consolidated revenue above the applicable threshold (broadly NZD 1.2 billion for NZ; BRL 2.26 billion for Brazil) must file CbCR reports in their ultimate parent entity’s jurisdiction. These reports are exchanged between tax authorities, including the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.br\/receitafederal\/en\">Federal Revenue Department (<em>Receita Federal do Brasil<\/em>)<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ird.govt.nz\">Inland Revenue New Zealand<\/a>, under the Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement on the Exchange of CbCR.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"callout\">\n <p><strong>Thin capitalisation.<\/strong> Both countries impose thin capitalisation rules that limit interest deductions on excessive related-party debt. Brazil restricts interest deductibility where related-party debt exceeds a prescribed ratio under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2023-2026\/2023\/lei\/l14596.htm\">Law 14,596\/2023<\/a>. New Zealand’s rules under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2007\/0097\/latest\/DLM1512300.html\">subpart FE of the Income Tax Act 2007<\/a> apply where offshore debt exceeds 60% of total assets (for most groups). Intercompany loan arrangements between Brazilian and New Zealand entities must be structured to comply with both regimes simultaneously.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- SECTION 7: STRUCTURING CONSIDERATIONS -->\n<section class=\"content-section\" id=\"structuring\">\n <div class=\"section-inner\">\n <div class=\"section-label\">Structuring<\/div>\n <h2 class=\"section-title\">Structuring considerations for New Zealand investors in Brazil<\/h2>\n <p class=\"section-intro\">In the absence of a DTA, the holding structure chosen for a New Zealand investment in Brazil has a direct and material impact on the overall tax burden and on New Zealand’s CFC and FIF exposure.<\/p>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">Holding structure<\/h3>\n\n <ul class=\"step-list\">\n <li>\n <span class=\"step-num\">•<\/span>\n <div><strong>Direct NZ holding<\/strong> The simplest structure. New Zealand corporate shareholders will receive dividends net of 10% IRRF under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2023-2026\/2025\/lei\/l15270.htm\">Law 15,270\/2025<\/a>, creditable against New Zealand tax. The Brazilian subsidiary will be a CFC for New Zealand purposes, requiring an annual active income assessment.<\/div>\n <\/li>\n <li>\n <span class=\"step-num\">•<\/span>\n <div><strong>Intermediate DTA-country holding<\/strong> Routing the investment through a country that has both a DTA with Brazil and an acceptable tax relationship with New Zealand can reduce IRRF on outbound flows from Brazil and provide a MAP mechanism for transfer pricing disputes. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.br\/receitafederal\/en\/subjects\/international-agreements\">Singapore, the Netherlands, and the UAE each have DTAs with Brazil.<\/a> The intermediate holding structure must be assessed against Brazil’s beneficial ownership and anti-avoidance rules.<\/div>\n <\/li>\n <li>\n <span class=\"step-num\">•<\/span>\n <div><strong>Brazilian holding (Ltda. or S.A.)<\/strong> Interposing a Brazilian holding company consolidates local operations and defers the 10% IRRF, which applies only on remittances abroad under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2023-2026\/2025\/lei\/l15270.htm\">Law 15,270\/2025<\/a>, not on distributions between Brazilian entities. Foreign investment must be registered with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcb.gov.br\/en\" class=\"ref-link\">Central Bank of Brazil<\/a>.<\/div>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">The FIF rules and listed Brazilian equities<\/h3>\n <p class=\"body-text\">New Zealand investors holding less than 10% of Brazilian listed companies are subject to the FIF regime rather than the CFC rules. Under the fair dividend rate (FDR) method, a deemed 5% return is taxable each year regardless of actual income. For investors in Brazilian equities that underperform or produce no dividend, this can result in a New Zealand tax liability with no corresponding income or foreign tax credit. New Zealand investors in Brazilian equities should model their FIF position carefully and consider whether the comparative value method or another applicable FIF method produces a more favourable outcome.<\/p>\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">Debt financing<\/h3>\n <p class=\"body-text\">Where a New Zealand entity lends to a Brazilian related party, the Brazilian side bears 15% IRRF on interest paid, withheld at source and remitted to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.br\/receitafederal\/en\">Federal Revenue Department<\/a>. This should be modelled as a cost of the lending arrangement from the New Zealand investor’s perspective, with relief available under the foreign tax credit rules to the extent the interest is brought to account as New Zealand taxable income.<\/p>\n\n <hr class=\"rule\">\n\n <h3 class=\"sub-heading\">Key takeaways for NZ investors<\/h3>\n <div class=\"info-grid\">\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Planning point<\/div>\n <h4>Assess CFC status before investing<\/h4>\n <p>Any New Zealand investor acquiring 10% or more of a Brazilian company should assess CFC status and the availability of the active income exemption before completing the investment. Annual compliance is required.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Planning point<\/div>\n <h4>Register the investment with the Central Bank of Brazil<\/h4>\n <p>Foreign direct investment in Brazil must be registered with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcb.gov.br\/en\" class=\"ref-link\">Central Bank of Brazil<\/a>. Correct registration is a precondition for the repatriation of capital and the remittance of profits.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Planning point<\/div>\n <h4>No social security totalisation agreement<\/h4>\n <p>Brazil and New Zealand do not have a social security totalisation agreement. Individuals working in one country for an employer based in the other may be required to contribute to both countries’ social security systems simultaneously, increasing total employment costs.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"info-box\">\n <div class=\"info-box-label\">Planning point<\/div>\n <h4>Coordinate NZ and Brazilian advisers<\/h4>\n <p>In the absence of a DTA, the interaction between New Zealand and Brazilian tax rules requires coordinated advice in both jurisdictions. My law firm works alongside New Zealand tax counsel on cross-border Brazil–NZ mandates.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<!-- WARNING -->\n<div class=\"warning-strip\">\n <div class=\"warning-inner\">\n <div class=\"warning-icon\">⚠<\/div>\n <p>This guide is a general overview only and does not constitute legal or tax advice. Tax laws in both countries change frequently, including legislative reforms currently in progress, and the information in this guide reflects the position as understood at the time of publication. The specific tax treatment of any transaction depends on the facts, the structure adopted, and the current state of the law in each jurisdiction. Obtain specific legal and tax advice before structuring any cross-border transaction.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- CTA -->\n<section class=\"cta-section\">\n <div class=\"cta-inner\">\n <div class=\"section-label\">Get advice<\/div>\n <h2>Need advice on your Brazil–New Zealand tax structure?<\/h2>\n <p>This guide provides general information only. The interaction of Brazilian and New Zealand tax rules in the absence of a DTA requires careful, transaction-specific analysis. Contact us to discuss your situation.<\/p>\n <div class=\"cta-contact-box\">\n <div class=\"box-label\">Contact us<\/div>\n <a href=\"mailto:info@deqlaw.com.br\" class=\"email\">info@deqlaw.com.br<\/a>\n <a href=\"mailto:info@deqlaw.com.br\" class=\"btn-primary\">Send Email Now<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/body>\n<\/html><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- cell_inner --><\/div><!-- cell --><\/div><!-- port --><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6019","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Brazil-New Zealand Tax Guide - D&Q Lawyers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Brazil-New Zealand tax guide covering withholding taxes, foreign tax credits, CFC and FIF rules, transfer pricing, and structuring issues.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/deqlaw.com.br\/en\/brazil-new-zealand-tax-guide\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Brazil-New Zealand Tax Guide - 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